Russian Lessons – Lesson 4 Russian Nouns Gender

Tutorial Transcript

hello everyone Darren here and today we're gonna talk about Russian nouns let's begin so what is a noun and noun names a person and animal thing phenomenon may be substance all of those are nouns and Russian nouns have several features that I want you to know about and one of them is gender gender is our today's topic and in Russian it's wrote wrote remember our pronunciation lesson for the last week we don't say role do we say what roots okay so genders in Russian we have three genders guess what masculine of course feminine and loiter loiter feminine masculine let's talk a little bit about masculine and feminine first because they are super easy uh first way to understand which nouns goes to which gender is to look if it's a person if it's a man obviously it's he masculine if it's a woman obviously well sometimes especially today it's not that obvious anymore but still if it's a woman it's she so let's write down our personal pronouns one stands for he masculine o stands for she feminine and Allah Allah means it loiter loiter or pewter Idol even confusing with German know-it-all so one Anna know if it's a person it's a human being and you can see that it's a man it goes too masculine it's heat for example the word man write it down please and repeat after me no Sheena because it's a very interest in the word it's pretty difficult to pronounce it as Morici 'no because those two it's difficult to put them together mussina mussina when you try fast it's becoming kind of too much effort so you pronounce it as mussina mussina mussina mussina and of course it's a man doing it right translation for you mashina man same with the words like mmm what else papa why not papa obviously Papa cannot be a woman Papa because mama is a woman bah bah of course he is masculine one papa same with the word uncle Dada repeat after me yeah uh let's see yeah yeah yeah oh it's so difficult to write like that Dada means uncle uncle drj Papa machinae what else my chick a boy in general my cheek my cheek a boy my cheek write them down and don't forget about the stress Marchak giardia papa machinist Oh everyone who is a man masculine own so same here when it's about a woman let's get rid of this for some time we don't need it now if it's something connected with a woman in China Mussina trinchina a woman real she Rena Rena about pronunciation remember that hard consonants followed by soft consonants become soft themselves ring Sheena if you forgot about it watch the previous lesson Rena Rena it's a woman of course in China is feminine Anna in China mama of course is feminine as well mama mama feminine giardia same with kya and two cha-cha-cha Georgie remember that your is always stressed Georgia this and okay and Gia Huachuca dear watch kaam kar diya vodka it's not like some German language where D America is newer does Nathan for Russians it's like big surprised just mention in Russian it's feminine Allah dia vodka but it's obvious with these words but also when it comes to words like professor student or I don't know doctor when you see the person you understand usually in most cases if it's a man or if it's a woman so you can understand which pronoun to choose which word to choose so this is the first way to understand if it's masculine or it's a if it's feminine depending on which person it denotes write it down so that was pretty easy right man a woman feminine masculine it's obvious now I have a bad piece of news for you all the objects around us whiteboard I don't know haired or table everything has gender French people German people they know this stuff but for English speakers might be a little bit tricky but the good news is that's a plus the good news is that Russian genders are super easy to remember it's a piece of cake all you need to do is to look at the ending of the word so let's get two examples masculine call consonants or you if a word you see some word if it ends on the consonants or you short e actually you is consonant too but for some reason usually they show it like that so consonant in the ending or you it's masculine let's practice for example stole a table stool uh-huh stole table table still okay geez what's going on here okay table never mind never mind let's pretend it never happened so just write down the word table stole look at the ending here we have a consonant loop means that it's masculine spool 1-1 in English table is it it right in Russian it's he one stool get used to it from the very first lesson because it's a huge problem for English speakers they have huge troubles naming the objects addressing the objects inanimate objects with all Anna it's difficult for them so stole one and actually have a batterer word for example and in with all jail if one of course telephone telephone telephone you see one till the phone on telephone telephone on super easy again consonant OOP in the ending so telephone same with the word microphone let's write it down - why not me crow remember the pronunciation and don't ask me why I'm pronounced added as a microphone because we already know when stress and goes here this one turns to a microphone again look at the ending here is a consonant oh so how about some other word museum mu z yi you see what's in the ending in the end we have you means it's masculine one movie yeah why not Oh what else what else maybe mm-hmm Factory I don't know why I'm bringing it just four examples of what Factory the what remember about reduction the wood uh yeah factory it's a man in Russian won the war as a wood so oh now I want you just to understand that concept in the ending were you in the end and all right so here is masculine ah now feminine nah you already know this one uh nah it even sounds more feminine nah like I know same here if it's ah in the ending or yeah oh yeah so feminine right we don't even need to learn it so ah yeah in the end in the ending for example why the word snake is the first association I have with feminine I'm having some problems for sure but the snake is Miya Miya Miya is look like worm sneeze yeah yeah in the end we have young means new yaw is feminine Allah meeya for example you have some colleague woman that you hate and you say oh she's such a snake allah is Miya Miya ana well maybe winter winter e ma in russian winter is z ma z ma repeat after me please always repeat everything I'm saying in Russian always repeat after me okay if you need to pause the video because I want to make every second of this lesson count I want you to speak constantly even if it's just repeating some words so Z ma means winter in the end we have ah ah Zima ah ah Zima or easy word to remember a car in Russian is mushy na na na mush I hope now you can see the difference between my E and yn mashina mashina marsinah look at the ending it's not just ah it's na na machine ah super easy to remember right um na machine ah so mashina is she machine and what else a book nigga nigga nigga a book again we see are here so it's feminine Allah Allah Kananga meeow meeow yo ma ma Sheena Kananga all those words ending with AH and yeah ok but now I guess you have a question what's with the words that we already know like a clue Moloch or veal or they are not masculine they're not feminine of course means that they are do I have to get rid of this I think yes they are neuter maybe I'll be able to put it here I hope you wrote it down let me get rid of this ok so the words ending with year and O are neuter oh yeah will write it down in a second oh so difficult to remove stuff from here so neuter ah no ah no it year for example has already said we know but we know guess what it means we know of course it means wine vino vino in the end we have war so if it's o or yeah in the ending of the word its buter let's try some more let's take the wonderful word see Maury I have troubles with mud today more here more it means see that was supposed to be a wave but okay let's just write it down Moorea so if you look at the ending we have year here Moria oh no no mori are no real more were the word window oh oh cool cool again in the ending right oh no oh no Vinu mori ignore so oh yeah in the ending means that it's your so this was the general rule about how to divide nouns in three genders but of course there is more to talk about here this is a soft sign and here we have a little bit of tricky situations if you see a soft sign in the end of the word it's a little bit more difficult because it can be masculine and it can be feminine okay for example the word ding-ding-ding is masculine but if you see something like this or this or this with soft sign with soft sign sure all those remember them yeah if you see those in the ending in most cases it's feminine in most situations it's feminine don't think about it too much right now I want you to remember just the rule about consonant and about aya and all year in neuter neuter I'm always trying to say no to too much German in my life so yeah problems maybe with soft sign in the ending and also you might be thinking what about all those other letters like ma e for example yeah hmm maybe you II what to do if you see them in D and usually these are words that were borrowed from some different language for example what's going on here for example me noon it's certainly not a Russian word meaning most of the these words would be mute er most of them I would say 90% of them would be neuter me knew or what else I don't know maybe let's write it down going for I'm not sure if you need it but just an example you see are you we're all so you can meet a word like lady lady it ends with E liji Leedy but of course you understand that it's a woman lady it means lady of course lady lady so here you come back to the very first room so if you can tell who it is it means that you can understand if it's masculine orphan so most of the words would be neuter except for the words that you can understand with your eyes or from the context that it's woman or a man okay now let's practice a little bit and we will try to grow our vocabulary a little bit and we start with family members family oops wanted to write in English but then changed my mind family in Russian is senior senior and why on earth is it so luckily so write down Samia Samia is family Samia so now let's go through all the family members Oh number one okay Papa blah blah and let's try to understand the gender here we understand that it's a man Papa can't be a feminine so even if it has this ah in the ending we still understand that it's masculine papa masculine right then who comes next mama you already know feminine mama feminine then how about a son swing soon the Sun again we don't even need to look at the ending because we understand that it's a boy a son son so it's masculine right how about daughter daughter in Russian a daughter is Doge Doge and of course it's a girl so oops so it's feminine right what other words do we have what are their family members we have sistrum we already had this word sister again it's sister we don't even need to do anything special sestra is feminine of course braat braat braat brother brat is masculine and you hear you could notice this tendency that even if it's obvious that it's a manner if it's a woman the rule with endings almost always works so we remember that you chew with soft sign feminine Doge consonant in the ending masculine you see exception is Papa and and Giada the idea let's write him down yeah idea you already know this word Giada masculine and future and but I guess you already wrote them down why would I bother bother to do it again okay the idea to which ah and then we go to grandparents torture feminine and then we go to bar bushka why am i holding this bah bushka means grainy or grandmother bah-bah-bah busca old lady usually it's grainy and barbash car of course it's a woman it's then we have da-da-da-da-da dooshka do dooshka d douche car even if we see the are in the ending it still means that it's a man because it's grandpa grandpa cannot be feminine of course so babushka diya dooshka then we have grand grandson of the nuke short ver Schwartz word in Russian of the lick of the look means a grand grandson yeah look it's a boy means it's masculine of course grand daughter is Avenue chica let's write it down of vodka vodka and again of course it's feminine of mooshka upon what else nephew plea mang Nick Nick bleep yep Yannick plea manic is nephew meaning a boy it's masculine and plea magnet saw a girl nephew his plea me Aneesa plea no new double and my son plinian itza and here you can see this rule again Pliny and Nick premium it'sa masculine and feminine so these are the basic relatives family by the way I want you to know that cousin in Russian we don't use the word who's them cousin who's them we say divide Maya sister or the value radish Brad I don't even know if you need this the world you Brad it's a cousin and actually in Russian I just always say Brad or sister brother or sister and for foreigners it's very confusing because I have a brother and I have many cousins but I call them all brothers so keep that in mind when a Russian person calls someone brother or sister it might be about their cousins okay now let's practice with the word ye de food let's write down some food the food itself in Russian is Yi da food Heda Heda and try to guess what is it here you look at the ending here da means that it's feminine right feminine nah yi da so that's the topic now let's go through our food let's begin with the breakfast egg in Russian is it so yet so yeah this is an egg you thought yet so how about the gender look at the ending nor yet saw it saw its neuter right how about we don't say I don't know I know that english-speaking people don't say porridge anymore but usually by the word oatmeal we mean kasha it means porridge it can be a buck with it can be oatmeal's even corn boiled in this substance so in Russian it's kasha kasha yes the gender now look at the ending mm-hmm kasha uh nah of course it's feminine kasha now let's speak about how to know whose salad which may be sandwich so the rich actually there are many many controversies because some people say sandwich some people write it with a but I I don't even know sandwich so it ends in a consonant sand which means it's masculine one sandwich or sandwich if you want salvaged not a Russian word anyway so how about some drinks my favorite read it out loud of course that's yeah I better stop drew in in this class I I better stop drawing oh it's coffee coffee coffee and it's super tricky with a worried coffee because starting in 2009 or 10 actually they say that coffee is neuter or masculine it has been masculine forever for as long as I can remember but everybody because of its usually all the words with yeah are in your so same with coffee everybody was just saying oh no oh no so finally the guys in the Ministry of Education said ok ok let it be both masculine and neuter so you can say - une and you can say coffee I know but I'm having problems with people who started to use neuter so please say coffee as masculine I don't know why it's my personal problem so coffee and the second one is tea chai look at the ending yeah yeah masculine right Jie means tea chai how about water da-da-da-da-da means oh it's a glass da-da-da-dah look at the ending vada ha of course it's feminine wada oh how about the word soup soup soup soup it's a plate with soup soup what do we have in the ending consonant of course flip is masculine one OOP um how about salad saw lot and you see how easy it is you'll ready no soup salad coffee sandwich you can go to a restaurant in Russia right now and you won't have any problems so here again consonant in the ending it means it's masculine salat one then maybe what else massa meat meat NASA NASA again pay attention to my pronunciation remember that or it's about vowel reduction so when it's not stressed it turns to like that ah NASA NASA it's not Nestle NASA it's neat meat meat right it's like chicken bone sure okay vibrator stop riding NASA so look at the ending Oh NASA uh no neuter um what else do we have how about the word the pizza you already know this one for sure and we already used it in our lessons pizza in the ending we have ah-ah-ah feminine pizza um what else what else butter Muslim Muslim war in the ending masala what does it mean it means that it's neutered mas la no bread bread in Russian is clear flip flip it's not a chaise and clip consonant in the end meaning that it's masculine so just like that we don't have time here to go through all the words just use a dictionary and check out all the words you need to know about food and practice with Chandra look at the engine and try to understand which gender it is another piece of grammar I wanted to touch today is it's super easy it's and and war so in Russian its E and E E and is e or is eely eely okay why do I want you to learn this today because I want you to practice and all those words are gonna learn for example pizza and hamburger pizza e gamble gear or man and woman Mussina e-r in China or is it a man or is it a woman at the Mussina Ely in China so let's practice a little bit now I'm gonna draw this one why do I always like to draw when I absolutely cannot so actually I hope you can understand I'm gonna ask you at the pizza da-ad pizza let's write it down it Pizza Pizza it pizza now it's a pizza le coffee P it's eally osha let pizza lip-read meat eat pizza how about I don't know nigga nigga means a book oh that's imagine it's Lord of the Rings I don't know Lucille in Callias Etta ta da da ta da ki nigga nigga at nigga le Wornall Runa Journal actually it means magazine rule now make a singing we're just scientific journal rule now rule now it the Caniggia le journal is it a book or is it a journal Lord of the Rings Etta Kalinga it's a Kringle now what about e let's oh actually i wanted to draw coffee but let's make it wine mm-hmm and beer for example beer v lu e Viva villa e P Eva Reno e P Eva wine and beer by the way both are neuter remember oh poor pewter viva el vino y peva da de vino e viva it ciao equation yet era vino e viva so now I want you to pause the video and practice like this with as many words as you can for example is it grandma or is it a is it a sister or this is this these are a father and a son Etta papa II seen it Papa II seen father and son E or maybe you can't tell somebody's age isn't it his father or who is the father in this their own ideas eally swing so something like that all the words we mentioned today I want you to practice by this pattern add something and something add something or something so play around with those words and don't forget to say it out loud now with practice speaking a little bit more and let's go back to our hero from lesson number two it's our cosmonaut cat Vladimir Vladimir is a cosmonaut cat yeah matter ended up being some matryoshka Russian nesting doll but actually he's a cosmonaut who can even more like matryoshka now okay sorry so this is court and his name was Lola Dina now let's look at this from the gender point of view Vladimir Vladimir so caught hands with consonants so it's masculine and Vladimir means it's it's male name so we just know that it's masculine - what else can we say now what solid Emer we know that cat is masculine so it's not eat it's not ate in Russian cat is he one one one as we already know cosmonaut cosmoleft cosmorights masculine because you see kusmanov - consonant in the ending all customer naft let's add more information e for example scientist who told me scientists in russian is shawni so not only he is a cosmonaut he's a scientist careful there bloody Mir one cosmonaut yoni you see your you understand that it is stressed Tony one cosmonaut II Tony Oh let's speak a little bit voila Mir could da Vladimir quote after quote Vlad inner one cosmonaut da one cosmonaut one mucho me da one surely all cosmonaut each only one cosmonauts EU Choni da one cosmonaut e each only one basket by list e professor one cosmonaut each only quote vladimir cosmonaut e journey now let's speak about how to ask who he is in russian question who means to do' means who and any animate objects like people animals they are all whoo-hoo again remember that it's not it it's he it's like a person a cat too so let's talk a little bit to Etta Etta quote vladimir so to Etta means who is it - Etta - Etta who is it for example you see somebody and you don't know at the party somebody new who is it add a court lady narrates Vladimir our cosmonaut cat - Etta Etta quote Vladimir then you can ask who is he so you already know that it is a Catalan whatever but now you want to know more about him who is he what does he do to one to one to one to one he is cosmonaut and scientist who is he OOP who is he who is he so let's start with the beginning - OH Etta Etta quote Vladimir - own own cosmonaut II Shani now give you example for your homework make another character I don't know oh I don't know I wanted to make a woman let it be granny I don't know granny - looking too young so babushka bah busca la busca la busca and let's practice just like that you can do it on your room you can ask who is it - Oh Etta - Etta and you answer Etta babushka talita Etta babushka for example babushka Sonya her name is Sonja Berta babushka Sonya - Ana usually it means profession - Ana - Ana Ana I don't know who is she - ah-ah-ah-ah jános parts maloca sports women support me Anika part Semyon me Anka and actress actrice act yok Teresa Anna sportsman car e octa lisa and then you ask again Anna basketball list car e doctor met Anna parts me ANCA yok Teresa and so on you ask Etta De Luca meet at a bar booshka it vodka Tonya met at the babushka Sonya so as much practice as you can get with these small short examples the the more the better the more the better so it's just an example what you can do with all the family members make as many family members as you can give them different names give them different professions use e or e lee is it grandpa grandma or grandpa babushka le jia dooshka so i hope you got the general idea of how to work with these words and questions now your homework of course first you go to the previous lessons and review them all the words that we used there you divided in three columns masculine feminine neuter also you go to the link below this video and check out my full lesson full lesson because here is only the video I also put everything that I'm saying in text and there are a lot more examples and words to practice it so check out the links below hello this video to go and practice with full lesson because here we don't have a chance to practice as much and number three again don't just watch my videos it's not enough go to dictionaries dictionaries and search for any words you need to practice a words that you see every day around you and keep practicing with this structure etta something on anon or something and now you also know e and Ely and and or practice with them too now you know the question to it okay and by the way what is don't but I'll save it to the next lesson so don't don't just don't don't bother so practice with people practice with family members babushka dedushka mama Papa this is your homework please try to start seeing which gender it is look at the ending and with enough practice you remember it soon enough so that was it for today thank you very much for staying with me for so long and I hope to see you in my next lesson bye bye